With the arrival of spring, temperatures warm up and humidity rises, and various viruses have become active. On campus, the gathering of people in confined spaces such as classrooms and dormitories provides more convenient conditions for the spread of the virus.

  Norovirus infection

  Norovirus is transmitted through fecal orifice/aerosol. It is manifested as children are prone to vomiting and adults are watery diarrhea. If you experience symptoms such as continuous vomiting, inability to eat, and significant reduction in urine volume (symptoms of dehydration), you should seek medical treatment in time.

  The key to prevention: wash your hands frequently and pay attention to drinking water and food hygiene. Protective equipment is required to deal with vomit and clean it with chlorine-containing disinfectant.

  Hand, foot and mouth disease

  Spread by close contact, droplets or contaminants. It is mainly manifested as small blisters or rashes on the hands, feet, mouth and buttocks, which may be accompanied by low fever. If you experience neurological symptoms such as limb shaking and skin spots, you should seek medical treatment in time.

  Key to prevention: Vaccination of enterovirus type 71 inactivated vaccine for children aged 6 to 59 months can effectively prevent severe illness, and keeping hands clean on daily basis can also reduce infection and transmission.

  measles

  People who have not had measles or have not received measles vaccines are susceptible. Typical symptoms show "four-phase evolution": incubation period (7 to 14 days) → prodromal period (3 to 4 days of high fever, conjunctiva congestion, Koh's spots) → rash stage (red maculopapular spread from top to bottom) → recovery period. If you continue to have high fever and shortness of breath, you should seek medical treatment in time.

  The key to prevention: Get the smegloss vaccine on time (1 dose each of 8 months and 18 months of age).

  chicken pox

  Spread by droplets or direct contact. All people who have not received chickenpox vaccine or have chickenpox may become infected after infection. After low fever, blister-like rash appears, and itch is obvious. If there is continuous high fever, suppuration of herpes, etc., you should seek medical treatment as soon as possible.

  The key to prevention: chickenpox vaccine should be vaccinated in early childhood, and infected people need to be isolated.

  Mumpitis

  Propagation through direct contact or droplets. It is highly prevalent in unvaccinated children aged 5 to 15. It manifests as unilateral or bilateral swelling and pain under the ear (modified chewing), which may be accompanied by fever. When symptoms such as severe headache, vomiting or swelling and painful testicles occur, you should be sent to the hospital as soon as possible.

  The key to prevention: Get the smegloss vaccine on time (1 dose each of 8 months and 18 months of age).

  influenza

  It is mainly transmitted through droplets. Children, pregnant women, patients with chronic diseases and other people with weak immunity are high influenza. Often show high fever, cough, sore throat, and muscle aches. If the high fever does not subside or breathing is rapid, seek medical treatment in time.

  The key to prevention: Get influenza vaccination from October to November every year, wash your hands frequently and keep indoor ventilation.

[Editor in charge: Wang Qi]