Currently, there are more than 40 days left before the large-scale harvest of winter wheat, and less than 10 days left before the large-scale harvest of winter rapeseed. Summer harvest of grain and oil is the first battle of agricultural production throughout the year and is related to the overall situation of grain production throughout the year. What is the current situation of grain and oil production? What measures has the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs taken to ensure a bumper harvest of grain and oil in summer?

  Overlooking more than 1,500 acres of wine-making special wheat base in Zhongjiang County, Sichuan Province, hosted by Sinochem Agriculture MAP Zhongjiang Technical Service Center (photo taken on April 1, drone photos). Photo by Xinhua News Agency reporter Jiang Hongjing

  Keyword 1: Area stability

  According to the Agricultural Situation Schedule of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, the winter wheat area is expected to be 340 million mu this year, basically remain stable. The area of ​​winter rapeseed is 110 million mu, an increase of 7 consecutive years. At present, winter wheat in the north is heading, middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River are heading and flowers. Grouting has begun in the southwest region, and winter rapeseed has gradually become ripe.

  At a press conference held by the State Information Office recently, Pan Wenbo, chief agronomist of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs and director of the Planting Industry Management Department, introduced, "Overall, the grain and oil production situation this summer harvest is still good. The harvest has a good foundation and shows the characteristics of 'one stable and one good'."

  On March 19, farmers worked in the seedling fields at a concentrated early rice seedling cultivation site in Baibi Village, Tizhi ​​Town, Shuangfeng County, Loudi City, Hunan Province (drone photos). Posted by Xinhua News Agency (photo by Li Jianxin)

  Keyword 2: Good growth

  Not only is the area stable, but the growth of summer grain and oil is also good. According to the agricultural situation dispatch of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, the proportion of first-class and second-class seedlings during the winter wheat jointing period is 91.2%, 2 percentage points higher than the same period in the previous year and is basically the same as last year; the growth of winter rapeseed is better than last year and year in the previous year.

  Regarding the growth of winter wheat, Pan Wenbo introduced: When investigating wheat in Anhui and Henan, grassroots agricultural technicians said that this year's wheat has "four best", with the most soil moisture, the best seedlings, the least lack of seedlings, and the strongest plants. At first glance, it is neat and bright green, with a particularly positive color, and the shelf for a good harvest has been set up.

  Regarding the growth of winter rapeseed, Pan Wenbo said: The overall climate conditions in the main winter rapeseed production areas were favorable last winter and this spring, and the technical implementation rate of production increase measures is high. The growth of rapeseed is the best in recent years. It will take more than 10 days to harvest on a large scale. It can be said that the summer oil harvest is in sight.

  On April 6, in the green grain increase pilot demonstration zone in Wagozhuang Village, Duanbolan Town, Jimo District, Qingdao City, Shandong Province, farmers used plant protection drones to spray leaf fertilizer on wheat (drone photos). Posted by Xinhua News Agency (photo by Liang Xiaopeng)

  Keyword 3: Yield

  Implementing large-scale yield improvement actions for grain and oil crops is an important measure to improve grain production capacity. This year, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs continues to promote the integration of "four good" varieties of fertile fields, good varieties and good opportunities and methods, and strives to make new breakthroughs in large-scale yield improvements.

  In terms of fertile fields, we should pay more attention to improving terrestrial capacity, accelerating the construction of high-standard farmland, and vigorously developing water-saving irrigation;

  In terms of good varieties, we pay more attention to the promotion and application of breakthrough varieties, and focus on promoting high-quality food-flavored rice, wheat for strong and weak tendons, dense-resistant machine-cooked corn, high-oil and high-protein soybeans and other varieties;

  In terms of good opportunities, we pay more attention to the application of high-performance seedlings, improve the quality of land preparation and seedlings, and truly achieve one-sow preservation;

  In terms of good methods, we pay more attention to promoting the precise regulation of dense corn planting, dense planting of soybeans, concentrated rice seedling cultivation, mechanical seedling transplanting, and orderly planting and other key technical measures to increase yield. At the same time, we vigorously promote the integrated water and fertilizer technology summarized in recent years, which is very optimistic about the market and particularly welcomed by farmers, and put down the truly easy-to-use, effective and practical technology.

  On April 4, agricultural workers were unloading fertilizer at Heilongjiang Geqiushan Farm Co., Ltd. of Beidahuang Group. Posted by Xinhua News Agency (photo by Lu Wenxiang)

  Keyword 4: High quality

  Not long ago, the General Office of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council issued the "Opinions on Further Strengthening the Full Chain Supervision of Food Safety", focusing on the full life cycle and full chain supervision from farmland to dining table. In 2024, the overall pass rate of national agricultural product quality and safety monitoring reached 98% for the first time; it reached 98.3% in the first quarter of this year, an increase of another 0.3 percentage points.

  In terms of strict supervision, we will fully implement the newly issued and implemented requirements of the Agricultural Product Quality and Safety Law, and strengthen supervision of large-scale entities and small farmers. Implement the classification supervision system for the place of origin approval, promote quick testing technology in townships, and strictly control the quality of the "first kilometer" of agricultural products on the market. Crack down on illegal acts of banning the use of drugs and routine drug residues exceeding the standard, and do not tolerate them when they appear.

  In terms of changing methods, we will accelerate the transformation of traditional production methods, promote and apply safe and high-quality production models, and use green and clean production technologies to ensure that agricultural products are safe from production. Continue to carry out special actions to combat counterfeiting of agricultural materials, promote the reduction of pesticides, fertilizers and veterinary antibacterial drugs, and fully complete the task of eliminating 10 highly toxic pesticides.

  On April 20, farmers were drilling holes for coated spring corn (drone photos) in the fields in Guaizi Village, Lique Town, Guangrao County, Dongying City, Shandong Province. Posted by Xinhua News Agency (photo by Liu Yunjie)

  Keyword 5: Support for full

  Improving the enthusiasm of grain-growing farmers is an important part of ensuring a bumper grain harvest. This year, the country continues to increase its support for grain production, increase the minimum purchase price of wheat and early indica rice, stabilize subsidies for corn and soybean producers and rice subsidies, and implement full coverage of rice, wheat and corn full cost insurance and planting income insurance.

  According to the agricultural situation dispatch of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, it is estimated that the grain planting area is about 1.79 billion mu this year, of which the spring-sowed grain area is 960 million mu, both of which are increasing over the previous year.

  We will strive to promote the action to make up for shortcomings in agricultural machinery and equipment, and promote the purchase and application of agricultural machinery subsidies of "excellent machines, excellent subsidies, inlets and outlets", and make up for easy-to-use and high-end machinery. Accelerate the research, development, manufacturing and application of key and urgently needed machines.

  Give full play to the scientific and technological support role of academicians and experts in leading model fields and industrial experts to take charge of counties, so as to ensure that there are guidance, practical learning, and difficult solutions for all key production increase technology measures, and can be implemented on a large scale and achieve results.

  On March 20, in Xuzhuang Village, Suchen Town, Hailing District, Taizhou City, Jiangsu Province, agricultural technicians operated drones to carry out wheat spring management operations. Xinhua News Agency (photo taken by Tang Dehong)

  In summer, the grain and oil harvest will also pass multiple barriers such as drought, pests, dry and hot winds, and rotten rain. How can the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs provide guarantees?

  Pan Wenbo introduced that in the next step, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs will resolutely fight the final battle of the "120-day summer harvest grain and oil harvest action" from three aspects.

  First, we will focus on detailed guidance to promote production increase. Continue to organize agricultural technicians to go to the village to provide households and the science and technology team to provide guidance on the front line, and implement measures such as fertilizer and water management, "one spray and three preventions", mainly to maintain the number of ears, attack the number of grains, increase the weight of grains, and promote the increase of wheat yield.

  The second is to strengthen unified prevention and control of pests and diseases. Keep a close eye on the occurrence and development trend of wheat strip rust, gibberellia and aphids. Strip rust mainly implements "protective measures to protect the surface" prevention and control measures. Gibberellia insists on "taking the initiative, spraying medicine when seeing flowers, and taking flowers again" prevention measures, because gibberellia can only be prevented but not treated. At the same time, we will vigorously promote unified prevention and control and joint prevention and control to curb the harm of disease and pest outbreaks.

  The third is to focus on disaster prevention, reduction and reduction of losses. Closely monitor meteorological disasters such as drought, dry and hot winds, and bad rain, release early warning information, and make early material reserves and technical preparations. Once a disaster occurs, emergency response will be made as soon as possible. At the same time, prepare for automatic collection and emergency collection and drying to ensure that the particles are returned to the warehouse. (Reporter Wang Ying)

[Editor in charge: Wang Ying]